蝴蝶兰花葶的离体培养

 蝴蝶兰花梗腋芽培养在含VW无机盐+肌醇100 mg·L^-1+VB₁10 mg·L^-1+VB₆ mg·L^-1+烟酸1 mg·L^-1+蔗糖20g·L^-1+BA 5.0 mg·L^-1的培养基上22°C培养，可分化出花葶。花葶切片在含Ms无机盐+肌醇100mg·L^-1 +VB₁10 mg·L^-1+VB₆1 mg·L^-1+烟酸1 mg·L^-1+蔗糖15 g·L^-1+BA 5.0 mg·L^-1+NAA0．5 mg·L^-1 的培养基上诱导分化不定芽。不定芽在同一培养基上继代增殖，在附加香蕉汁100 g·L 的Hyponex 1号生根培养基上壮苗生根。     

不同土壤水分处理对冬小麦根冠生长的影响

通过温室冬小麦不同水分处理(土壤含水量分别为田间持水量的75%～100%,65%～55%,35%～45%)盆栽试验,研究了冬小麦根冠对水分的响应。试验结果表明:不同供水量并不影响冬小麦根系、冠层干物质累积过程的总趋势,但随胁迫的增强,根、冠干物质累积速率、干物质累积总量降低,且二者并不呈线性相关关系;根冠比(R/S)随胁迫的增强而增大;水分供应量的减少缩短了冬小麦的生育周期,随胁迫的增强,根冠生物量最大值出现的时间提前;充分供水的处理则有最大的根冠比(R/S)。这可能是由于水分胁迫发生,大量的同化产物运往根系,分配于根系的同化干物质增加,调整了根系的结构,改善其功能以增大水分的吸收量,缓减植株由于缺水造成的损失,导致根系干重增加,根冠比增加。对于供水超过75%的植株,根冠比达到所有处理的最大,可能原因为过量水分促使庞大根系的建成,从而消耗较多的同化产物,使根重增加,冠重减少。     

黑麦草高效丛生芽的发生及离体开花的初步研究

以一年生和多年生黑麦草优良品种为材料,取无菌种子苗的茎尖生长点部分在加有不同浓度的2,4-D和6-BA的MS诱导培养基上诱导丛生芽发生,然后在加有不同浓度6-BA的增殖培养基上产生大量丛生芽,并长期继代培养.从丛生芽块上剥取单芽转移到生根培养基上诱导根的发生,生根植株移栽成活率达100%.本试验建立了一种诱导频率高、增殖速度快、试验周期短的黑麦草丛生芽离体培养体系.在附加适宜浓度6-BA和ABA的培养基上丛生芽可直接分化出大量花序,40 d后产生花序的芽块频率最高为81%.进而研究了光照、激素和继代培养时间等因素对黑麦草离体开花的影响.     

Influence of a Triazole Plant Growth Regulator on Root and Shoot Development and Nitrogen Utilisation of Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

A factorial experiment with 3 nitrogen (N) levels and 4 application rates of the triazole type plant growth regulator (PGR), BAS 111 W = l-phenoxy-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-5,5-dimethylhexane, was conducted in hydroponics to study the influence on N uptake and morphological changes of oilseed rape. The following results were obtained:
–Increased N level of the nutrient solution increased plant height and root and shoot weight. Enhanced N uptake caused a higher N concentration of root and shoot.
–Increasing PGR application rates reduced plant height and shoot biomass production; this reaction was stronger at higher doses of N.
–Root weight, root length, root diameter and root surface area were increased by N application. None of these parameters was significantly altered by the PGR. This resulted in increased root-shoot-ratios at higher PGR rates.
–As a consequence of reduced shoot production PGR application resulted in increased concentrations of N. The root reacted similarly but to a lesser degree.     

多效唑对油茶生长的生理效应研究

应用不同浓度的多效唑对油茶树在新梢萌发前进行土壤施药和涂干处理,在新梢萌发后进行叶面喷施试验。多效唑1000、1500、2000ppm浓度叶面喷施及1.5g/m~2加水土壤施药对油茶新梢生长有强烈的抑制作用。缩短新枝长度及节间长,增加短枝的比例,并且提高了叶片的叶绿素含量、光合速率和蛋白质含量,从而有效地控制了树势,减少了养分消耗,增进了新陈代谢活动。涂干处理没有效果。     

林地覆盖糠壳对金佛山方竹笋量的影响

林地覆盖糠壳能明显增加当年小径笋产量，来年大径笋产量。与对照相比，连续两年覆盖处理能增加毛笋产量257．06％；当年覆盖可增加毛笋产量77．79％。与相同林分理论产笋量比较，可增加毛笋产量35－40％，因此，糠壳及相似物可用于生产上提高方竹林笋产量。     

桐梓县金佛山方竹资源及今后经营利用

金佛山方竹（Chimonobambusautilis）是贵州大娄山特殊竹种，它自然分布狭窄，当前所知，仅见于黔北及其毗邻的川东几个县市，总面积约有50万亩。尤其相样具柏菁自然保护区，有4．2万亩原生性金佛山方竹——常绿落叶阔叶混交林，实为罕见。今后如何利用金佛山方竹这一资源，各有关部门应予重视与关注。     

High frequency shoot regeneration from cotyledon explants of cucumber via organogenesis

Organogenic callus induction and high frequency shoot regeneration were achieved from cotyledon explants of cucumber. About 86.2% of cotyledon explants derived from 5-day-old in vitro raised seedlings produced green, compact nodular organogenic callus in MS medium containing NAA (2.69 μM) and BA (4.44 μM) after two successive transfers at 20 days interval. Adventitious shoots were produced from the organogenic callus when it was transferred to MS medium supplemented with NAA (1.34 μM), BA (8.88 μM), zeatin (0.91 μM) and l-glutamine (136.85 μM) with shoot induction frequency of 75.6%. Shoot proliferation occurred when callus with emerging shoots was transferred in the same medium at an interval of 20 days. Shoots (1.0 cm length) were excised from callus and were elongated in MS medium fortified with GA₃ (1.44 μM) and BA (4.44 μM). The elongated shoots were rooted in MS medium supplemented with IBA (3.42 μM) and BA (4.44 μM). Rooted plants were acclimatized in green-house and subsequently established in soil with a survival rate of 80%. This protocol yielded an average of 35 shoots per cotyledon explant in a culture duration of 120–140 days.     

引进优良饲料灌木树苜蓿嫩枝扦插育苗试验初报

甘肃新引进的优良饲料灌木树苜蓿在获得容器育苗和大田直播育苗成功的基础上,为进一步拓宽其繁殖途径和增加繁殖材料并降低种子进口成本而进行了树苜蓿不同部位、生根粉不同处理方法的嫩枝扦插试验。结果表明：树苜蓿嫩枝扦插不但可以生根,而且生根良好;经生根粉处理苗的生根率比不处理的生根率高,且生根粉处理时间长的(10h)比处理时间短的(2h)生根率高;从部位看,枝条上部和中部的生根率比下部的生根率高;管理条件好的比管理条件差的生根率高。     

Attempts to eliminate <Emphasis Type="Italic">Candidatus</Emphasis> phytoplasma phoenicium from infected Lebanese almond varieties by tissue culture techniques combined or not with thermotherapy

Elimination of Candidatus phytoplasma phoenicium from two infected Lebanese varieties of almond by using different tissue culture techniques is reported. Except for the oxytetracycline therapy which totally inhibited the development of explants, stem cutting cultures associated with thermotherapy, shoot tip cultures associated or not with thermotherapy, and shoot tip micrografting were all suitable, either for shoot regeneration or for elimination of phytoplasma from the two varieties. However, stem cutting culture coupled with thermotherapy seemed to be the most effective for regeneration of phytoplasma-free plantlets.